Anchor.



No. 674,839. Patented May 2|, l90l. v D. M. HASTINGS.

ANCHOR.

(Application filed Sept. 12, 1900.)

(No Model.)

rrnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DONALD M. HASTINGS, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

ANCHOR.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 674,839, dated May' 21, 1901.

A li ati fil d September 12, 1900- Serial No. 29,739- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DONALD M. HASTINGS, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of San Francisco, State of California, have invented an Improvement in Anchors; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to a novel construction for anchors.

It consists of a single fluke, the crown of which is connected with a central shank, and upon each side of the latter are curved or arched shanks of a bowed or kite shape, and at the opposite end from the fluke there is a shackle or ring for the connection of the anchor chain or cable.

Upon the top or opposite side of the shanks from the fluke are curved bows swiveled in lugs at the ends and side, so that when the anchor is inboard or secured the bows may be turned down to lie flat upon the threepart shank, and when turned up they are connected by a pin or fastened so as to stand crossing each other, thus forming an archwhich insures the anchor always falling with the fluke down, and this arch is especially valuable in preventing any fouling of the anchor-chain whatever movements may take place with relation to the position of the anchor.

My invention also comprises details of construction which will be more fully explained by reference to the accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure 1 shows the anchor with the bows extended ready to be cast. Fig. 2 shows the same with the bows folded up. Fig. 3 is a section through one of the lugs, showing the manner of lubricating the bow-journals.

Ever since the earliest use of anchors difficulty has been encountered by reason of the fouling of the anchor-chain with the projecting parts of the anchor when the ship swings with the tide or when for other reason the chain is dragged across the anchor.

It is the object of my invention to prevent such fouling and also to insure the anchor catching and entering the bottom whenever it is dropped.

As here illustrated, the anchor has a main central shank A, at one end of which is fixed a single fluke 2, and at the opposite end isthe ring or shackle 3, to which the chain or cable connecting it with the vessel is attached.

4 represents side arms or shanks uniting with the main shank A, near the ring or shackle 3, diverging thence to a point a short distance from the opposite end of the main shank, thence curving in the form of a bow around the front, as shown at 5, being connected with that end of the shank A where the fluke is attached, thus forming a kiteshaped shank with a single fluke projecting from one side at one end of said shank and the attachment for the chain or cable at the opposite end. This shank is further strengthened by the transverse bar 6, extending across the shank A and united at the outer ends with the divergent shanks 4, approximately at their junction with the curved or bow portion 5. I have thus an extremely strong shank capable of resisting any strain which may be brought upon it, and when the anchor is cast so as to fall with the fluke downward any pull upon the cable will pull the fluke into the bottom, so that the kiteshaped stock will lie flat upon the bottom.

In order to insure the anchor always falling with the fluke downward, I have shown the bows or arches 7 and 8. The bow 7 is pivoted at the opposite ends of the shank A in the lugs, as shown at 9, so that it may be turned in these lugs to lie fiat upon the bowshaped shank, or it may be turned up so as to stand in a plane at right angles with that of the shank. The other bow 8 is in like manner swiveled in lugs 10, which are approximately at the ends of the transverse bar 6, and this how in like manner can swing so as to lie flat upon the shank or to stand up in a plane transverse to that of the shank. The two bows cross each other, one outside of the other, and have holes made through them, which holes will intersect each other when the bows stand in their vertical positions with relation to the anchor-shank. When in this position, a pin 12 is passed through the holes, and by means of a spring-key 13, passing through a hole in the end of the pin, or by other suitable means the pin is locked in place, so that the bows remain in their vertical position. Thus placed the curvature of the bows is such that if the anchor falls upon that side with the fluke up it will immediately roll over and with the fluke downward, so that it always insures the latter taking the bottom and holding. By reason of the arch or curvature of these bows there is no position into which the ship can swing with relation to the anchor that will cause the chain to foul, since the shank lies flat upon the bottom, and these bows arching smoothly up from the ends and sides form a guide over which the chain will slide without in any way becoming caught or entangled.

When'the anchor is weighed and comes home by a pull upon the cable, it can be hove up to the hawse-hole and either catted or hauled up and fished in the usual manner, or the hawse-hole may be made in such form as to allow the shank of the anchor to be drawn inboard through it when the bows 7 and 8 have been laid flat upon the shank. The fluke can then be drawn close against the sides of the ship, and the anchor can be fished or secured in any desired manner, so that it cannot move. When it is to be again cast, the shank will be extended so as to allow the bows to be set up into their position at right angles with the shank and secured, and the anchor will be then in readiness for use.

Suitably-closed oil-holes in the lugs 9 and 10 contain a lubricant which insures the easy turning of the journals of the bows 7 and 8.

A slide or shackle 1 is movable upon the shank A and has an attachment 15 for a cable, so that by moving this shackle along the shank to a point near the cross-bar 6 it will be in such position with relation to the center of gravity that power applied to its cable will assist to break the hold of the anchor.

Having thus'described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. An anchor including a central and side shanks united in the same plane, a fluke projecting from one side of the shanks, and a foldable bowed extension from the opposite side of the shanks.

2. An anchor'having a central shank with cross-bar near one end, a fluke projecting at right angles from that end and a cable ring or shackle at the opposite end, divergent side shanks extending from near the ring to the ends of the transverse arms and forming a ,continuous curve through the fluke end of the shank, said central and divergent side shanks and cross-bar lying in a plane at right 5 angles with the plane of the fluke.

3. An anchor consisting of the central and side shanks, the fiuke projecting from one side at right angles with the plane of the shanks, bows swiveled at right angles with each other upon the opposite side of the shanks from the fluke and adapted to cross each other in planes vertical to that of the shank, and means for securing said bows to gether at their crossing-point.

4. An anchor consisting of the central and side shanks said side shanks diverging from the ring or cable end and having a convex bowed connection at the opposite end, a fluke projecting from said end at right angles with the plane of the shanks, lugs on the shanks, convex bows having their ends turnable in said lugs whereby said bows may be caused to lie flat upon the shanks or raised to stand in planes at right angles therewith, and a pin and locking device for holding said bows in their raised position.

5. The combination with an anchorincluding a central and diverging side shanks, and connecting cross-bars, a cable ring or shaft at one end and a fluke at the opposite end, and a slide upon the central shank and having means for the attachment of a cable whereby the slide is movable along the central shank with relation to the center of gravity to assist in breaking the hold of the anchor.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

DONALD M. HASTINGS.

Witnesses:

S. H. NOURSE, JEssIE O. BRODIE. 

